hash

(PHP 5 >= 5.1.2, PECL hash:1.1-1.5)

hash — ハッシュ値 (メッセージダイジェスト) を生成する

説明

string hash ( string $algo , string $data [, bool $raw_output ] )

パラメータ

algo: 選択したアルゴリズムの名前 (すなわち "md5"、"sha256"、"haval160,4" など…)。
data: ハッシュするメッセージ。
raw_output: TRUE を設定すると、生のバイナリデータを出力します。デフォルト (FALSE) の場合は小文字の 16 進数値となります。

返り値

raw_output が true に設定されていない場合は、メッセージダイジェストの計算結果を小文字の 16 進数値形式の文字列で返します。もし true に設定されていた場合は、メッセージダイジェストがそのままのバイナリ形式で返されます。

例

例1 hash() の例


<?php
echo hash('ripemd160', 'The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog.');
?>

上の例の出力は以下となります。

ec457d0a974c48d5685a7efa03d137dc8bbde7e3

参考

Mcrypt

Hash 関数

Last updated: Fri, 05 Sep 2008

add a note User Contributed Notes
hash

Leigh
07-Aug-2008 02:10


Just a quick note about these benchmarks and how you should apply them.



If you are hashing passwords etc for security, speed is not your friend. You should use the slowest method.



Slow to hash means slow to crack and will hopefully make generating things like rainbow tables more trouble than it's worth.

The
28-May-2008 07:52


Note that some of the hash algorithms provided are considered weak (e.g., md5, sha1 and haval128,3). If you have a choice in the matter, use ripemd160, whirlpool or tiger192,4.

inspiration3 at gmail dot com
05-May-2008 12:12


Another comprehensive benchmark script that orders results from best to worst and includes the crc32(), md5() and sha1() standalone functions:



<?php



define('HASH_TIMES', 1000);

define('HASH_DATA', 'The quick brown fox jumped over!'); // 32 bytes



header('Content-Type: text/plain');

echo 'Testing ' . strlen(HASH_DATA) . ' bytes of data over ' . HASH_TIMES . " iterations:\n";



foreach (hash_algos() as $algo) {

    $time = microtime(1);

    for ($i = 0; $i < HASH_TIMES; $i++) hash($algo, HASH_DATA);

    $results[$algo] = microtime(1) - $time;

}



$time = microtime(1); for ($i = 0; $i < HASH_TIMES; $i++) crc32(HASH_DATA); $results['crc32()'] = microtime(1) - $time;

$time = microtime(1); for ($i = 0; $i < HASH_TIMES; $i++) md5(HASH_DATA); $results['md5()'] = microtime(1) - $time;

$time = microtime(1); for ($i = 0; $i < HASH_TIMES; $i++) sha1(HASH_DATA); $results['sha1()'] = microtime(1) - $time;



asort($results, SORT_NUMERIC);

foreach ($results as $algo => $time) echo "\n$time\t$algo";



?>

Marcus
27-Apr-2008 09:15


A upgrade of dani88elx's performance test, this time grading them by speed (fastest first) and comparing times between hex and raw data.



<?

function testAlgos() {

$algos = hash_algos();

$word="This will be crypted by all different algoritms";

$results = array();

foreach($algos as $algo)

{

    $time=microtime(1);

    $data = hash($algo, $word, false);

    $results["".(microtime(1)-$time)][] = "$algo (hex)";

}

foreach($algos as $algo)

{

    $time=microtime(1);

    $data = hash($algo, $word, true);

    $results["".(microtime(1)-$time)][] = "$algo (raw)";

}

ksort($results);

foreach($results as $time => &$algos) {

    echo $time."\n";

    sort($algos);

    foreach($algos as $algo)

        echo "\t".$algo."\n";

}

}

testAlgos();

?>

Errata
27-Dec-2007 02:54


The above won't work in raw output, besides the crc32 function isn't the same.



if(!function_exists('hash')) {

   function hash($algo, $data, $raw_output = 0)

   {

      if($algo == 'md5') return(md5($data, $raw_output));

      if($algo == 'sha1') return(sha1($data, $raw_output));

   }

}

mysteryboy
04-Aug-2007 11:33


but hash a big file ,



example:23KB:



hash

1.2369749546051: md4

1.5122809410095: md5

7.1646420955658: adler32

3.1666488647461: crc32

0.018635988235474: crc32b

2.4434490203857: sha1

=========>>

1.5402789115906: md5

2.4519650936127: sha1

dani88elx at gmail dot com
27-Jun-2007 12:06


Comparison between hash algorithms.



<?

$algos = hash_algos();

$word="hola";



foreach($algos as $algo)

{

    echo $algo.": ";

    $time=microtime(1);

    echo hash($algo, $word);

    echo "<br>".(microtime(1)-$time)."<br><hr>";

}

?>

just me
10-Apr-2007 07:02


The speed difference (as noted in a below posting) between md5() and hash() goes down to zero with strings longer than just a few bytes. With a string length of 1kB the difference is 10% advantage for hash() and shrinks further down to 3% with 10kB strings.

mikael at webhost3 dot eu
10-Mar-2007 10:34


<?php

$time=microtime(1);

for ($i=0;$i<100000;$i++)

   hash('md5', 'string');

echo microtime(1)-$time,': hash/md5<br>';



$time=microtime(1);

for ($i=0;$i<100000;$i++)

   md5('string');

echo microtime(1)-$time,': md5<br>';



$time=microtime(1);

for ($i=0;$i<100000;$i++)

   hash('sha1', 'string');

echo microtime(1)-$time,': hash/sha1<br>';



$time=microtime(1);

for ($i=0;$i<100000;$i++)

   sha1('string');

echo microtime(1)-$time,': sha1<br>';

?>------------------------<br><?php

$time=microtime(1);

for ($i=0;$i<100000;$i++)

   hash('md5', $i);

echo microtime(1)-$time,': hash/md5<br>';



$time=microtime(1);

for ($i=0;$i<100000;$i++)

   md5($i);

echo microtime(1)-$time,': md5<br>';



$time=microtime(1);

for ($i=0;$i<100000;$i++)

   hash('sha1', $i);

echo microtime(1)-$time,': hash/sha1<br>';



$time=microtime(1);

for ($i=0;$i<100000;$i++)

   sha1($i);

echo microtime(1)-$time,': sha1<br>';

?>

Gives:

0.33311605453491: hash/md5

1.0671429634094: md5

0.383131980896: hash/sha1

1.3252220153809: sha1

------------------------

0.37684988975525: hash/md5

1.1258299350739: md5

0.43960785865784: hash/sha1

1.3876020908356: sha1

Peter Kelly
29-Jan-2007 09:32


If the hash functions are not available to you at the moment, and you want to future proof your code, then the code below will emulate two of the important hashing functions, they will also be automatically replaced with the faster versions if available.



if(!function_exists('hash_algos'))

    {

    function hash_algos()

        {

        $algo[0] = "md5";

        $algo[1] = "sha1";

        $algo[2] = "crc32";

        return($algo);

        }

    }



if(!function_exists('hash'))

    {

    function hash($algo, $data, $raw_output = 0)

        {

        if($algo == 'md5') return(md5($data));

        if($algo == 'sha1') return(sha1($data));

        if($algo == 'crc32') return(crc32($data));

        }

    }

add a note

Mcrypt

Hash 関数

Last updated: Fri, 05 Sep 2008