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require> <declare
Last updated: Fri, 18 Jul 2008

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return

関数内で呼び出されると、return()文は即座に その関数の実行を停止し、引数を関数の値として返します。 return()はまた、eval()文や スクリプト自体の実行を終了させることが出来ます。

グローバルスコープで呼び出されると、現在実行中のスクリプトが終了 します。もしそのスクリプトがinclude()もしくは require()されたものである場合、制御は呼び出し元 のファイルに戻ります。また、そのスクリプトがinclude() されたものである場合は、return()に与えられた引数 の値はinclude()の戻り値となります。 return()がメインスクリプトで呼び出された場合は スクリプトが終了します。また、 設定ファイル auto_prepend_file 又は auto_append_fileオプションで指定されたスクリプトの場合も 同様にそのスクリプトが終了します。

さらに詳しい情報に関しては 返り値を参照してください。

注意: return() は関数ではなく言語構造であるため、 引数を括弧で囲う必要があるのはないことに注意しましょう。 括弧で囲わずそのままにしておくのが一般的です。 またそのほうが PHP にかかる負荷も低くなります。

注意: 変数をリファレンスで返す場合は、決して引数を 括弧で囲うべきではありません。そのようにすると正しく動作しません。 return ($a); とすると、変数を返すのではなく ($a) を評価した結果を返すことになります (この場合は、もちろん $a の値です)。



require> <declare
Last updated: Fri, 18 Jul 2008
 
add a note add a note User Contributed Notes
return
stoic
06-Jun-2008 10:21
Just to clear things up, if using return on a global scope it will end EXECUTION but NOT PROCESSING.

for example:

file a.php

<?php

if(defined("A")) return;
define("A", true);

echo
"Hello";
?>

file b.php

<?php

include("a.php");
include(
"a.php");
?>

will output "Hello" only once.

but if file a.php is

<?php

if(defined("A")) return;
define("A", true);

function
foo(){
}

?>

running file b.php will produce error:

Fatal Error: Cannot redeclare foo()...
Denis.Gorbachev
03-Dec-2007 07:06
direct true    0.59850406646729
direct false    0.62642693519592
indirect true    0.75077891349792
indirect false    0.73496103286743

It is generally more true, because indirect method implies creating additional variable and assigning a value to it.

But, you know, "results may vary".
mr dot xanadu at gmail dot com
12-Oct-2007 05:56
I was wondering what was quicker:
- return a boolean as soon I know it's value ('direct') or
- save the boolean in a variable and return it at the function's end.

<?php
$times
= 50000;

function
return_direct ($boolean)
{
    if (
$boolean == true)
    {
        return
true;
    }
    return
false;
}

function
return_indirect ($boolean)
{
   
$return = false;

    if (
$boolean == true)
    {
       
$return = true;
    }
    return
$return;
}

/* Direct, return true */

$time_start = microtime(true);

for (
$i = 1; $i <= $times; $i++)
{
   
return_direct(true);
}

$time_end = microtime(true);
$time_direct_true = $time_end - $time_start;

/* Direct, return false */

$time_start = microtime(true);

for (
$i = 1; $i <= $times; $i++)
{
   
return_direct(false);
}

$time_end = microtime(true);
$time_direct_false = $time_end - $time_start;

/* Indirect, return true */

$time_start = microtime(true);

for (
$i = 1; $i <= $times; $i++)
{
   
return_indirect(true);
}

$time_end = microtime(true);
$time_indirect_true = $time_end - $time_start;

/* Direct, return false */

$time_start = microtime(true);

for (
$i = 1; $i <= $times; $i++)
{
   
return_indirect(false);
}

$time_end = microtime(true);
$time_indirect_false = $time_end - $time_start;

echo
"<pre>";
echo
"direct true\t" . $time_direct_true;
echo
"\ndirect false\t" . $time_direct_false;
echo
"\nindirect true\t" . $time_indirect_true;
echo
"\nindirect false\t" . $time_indirect_false;
echo
"<pre>";
?>

Representative results:
direct true    0.163973093033
direct false    0.1270840168
indirect true    0.0733940601349
indirect false    0.0742440223694

Conclusion: saving the result in a variable appears to be faster. (Please note that my test functions are very simple, maybe it's slower on longer functions)
Spacecat
25-Jul-2007 10:13
regardez this code:

print pewt( "hello!" );

function pewt( $arg )
{

include( "some_code.inc" );

}

some_code.inc:

  return strtoupper( $arg );

.. after much hair pulling, discovered why nothing was being returned by the "some_code.inc" code in the function .. the return simply returns the result TO the function (giving the include function a value), not to the CALLING (print pewt). This works:

print pewt( "hello!" );

function pewt( $arg )
{

return include( "some_code.inc" );

}

So, RETURN works relative to block it is executed within.
warhog at warhog dot net
19-Dec-2005 05:28
for those of you who think that using return in a script is the same as using exit note that: using return just exits the execution of the current script, exit the whole execution.

look at that example:

a.php
<?php
include("b.php");
echo
"a";
?>

b.php
<?php
echo "b";
return;
?>

(executing a.php:) will echo "ba".

whereas (b.php modified):

a.php
<?php
include("b.php");
echo
"a";
?>

b.php
<?php
echo "b";
exit;
?>

(executing a.php:) will echo "b".

require> <declare
Last updated: Fri, 18 Jul 2008
 
 
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